Most patients with glioblastoma, the same brain cancer Sen. John McCain has, begin their medical treatment with radiation and chemotherapy. Many times, however, the cancer returns.

What are patients’ options after all known treatments have failed? The answer could be in one of dozens of clinical trials throughout the country looking for new ways to fight cancer.

Immunotherapy, vaccines, medications and a combination of these treatments are being studied.

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Gov. Brian Kemp gives a speech at the House of Representatives at the Capitol in Atlanta on Sine Die, Friday, April 4, 2025, the final day of the legislative session. (Arvin Temkar / AJC)

Credit: arvin.temkar@ajc.com